List of mathematical abbreviations

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数学缩写列表

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This article is a listing of abbreviated names of mathematical functions, function-like operators and other mathematical terminology.

这篇文章是一个数学函数，类似于函数的操作符和其他的数学术语的缩写名列表。

This list is limited to abbreviations of two or more letters. The capitalization of some of these abbreviations is not standardized – different authors use different capitalizations.

This list is ; you can help by .

这个列表受限于两个或更多字母的缩略语。其中，一些缩略语字母大写并不是标准的 - 不同的作者使用不同的大写形式。

• AC – . 选择公理
• a.c. – . 绝对连续的
• acrd – function. 逆弦函数
• adj – of a matrix. 矩阵的伴随矩阵
• a.e. – . 殆遍，几乎处处
• Ai – . 艾里函数
• AL – Action limit. 处置界限
• Alt – (Alt(n) is also written as A_n.) 交错群
• A.M. – . 算数平均数
• arccos – function. 反余弦函数
• arccosec – function. (Also written as arccsc.) 反余割函数
• arccot – function. 反余切函数
• arccsc – function. (Also written as arccosec.) 反余割函数
• arcexc – function. (Also written as arcexcsc, arcexcosec.) 反外余割函数
• arcexcosec – function. (Also written as arcexcsc, arcexc.) 反外余割函数
• arcexcsc – function. (Also written as arcexcosec, arcexc.) 反外余割函数
• arcexs – function. (Also written as arcexsec.) 反外正割函数
• arcexsec – function. (Also written as arcexs.) 反外正割函数
• arcosech – function. (Also written as arcsch.) 反双曲余割函数
• arcosh – function. 反双曲余弦函数
• arcoth – function. 反双曲余切函数
• arcsch – function. (Also written as arcosech.) 反双曲余割函数
• arcsec – function. 反正割函数
• arcsin – function. 反正弦函数
• arctan – function. 反正切函数
• arctan2 – . (Also written as atan2.) 带有2个参数的反正切函数
• arg – of a complex number.   复数的参数
• arg max – . 最大值时的参数
• arg min – . 最小值时的参数
• arsech – function. 反双曲正割函数
• arsinh – function. 反双曲正弦函数
• artanh – function. 反双曲正切函数
• a.s. – . 殆必，几乎必然
• atan2 – . (Also written as arctan2.) 同 arctan2，带有两个参数的反正切函数
• A.P. – . 等差数列
• Aut – . 自同构群
• bd – . 边界（拓扑学）
• Bi – of the second kind. 第二类艾里函数
• Bias – 估计器偏置
• Card – of a set. (Card(X) is also written #X, ♯X or |X|.) 集合的势
• cdf – . 累积分布函数
• c.f. – . 累积频率
• char – of a ring. 环的特征
• Chi – function. 双曲余弦积分函数
• Ci – function. 余弦积分函数
• cis – function. 欧拉公式函数
• Cl – . 共轭类
• cl – . 拓扑学闭包
• cod, codom – .  到达域
• cok, coker – . 上核，余核
• Cor – corollary. 推论，余定理
• corr – . 相关
• cos – function. 余弦函数
• cosec – function. (Also written as csc.) 余割函数
• cosech – function. (Also written as csch.) 双曲余割函数
• cosh – function. 双曲余弦函数
• cosiv – function. (Also written as cover, covers, cvs.) 余矢函数
• cot – function. (Also written as ctg.) 余切函数
• coth – function. 双曲余切函数
• cov – of a pair of random variables. 协方差
• cover – function. (Also written as covers, cvs, cosiv.) 余矢函数
• covercos – function. (Also written as cvc.) 正矢函数
• covers – function. (Also written as cover, cvs, cosiv.) 余矢函数
• crd – function. 弦（几何）函数
• csc – function. (Also written as cosec.) 余割函数
• csch – function. (Also written as cosech.) 双曲余割函数
• ctg – function. (Also written as cot.) 余切函数
• curl – of a vector field. (Also written as rot.) 向量场的旋度
• cvc – function. (Also written as covercos.) 余余矢函数
• cvs – function. (Also written as cover, covers, cosiv.) 正余矢函数
• def – or . 定义
• deg – . (Also written as ∂.) 多项式的次数
• del – , a differential operator. (Also written as .) 微分运算符
• det – of a matrix or linear transformation. 矩阵或线性变换的行列式
• dim – of a vector space. 向量空间的维度
• div – of a vector field. 向量场的散度
• dkl – decalitre 公斗。公斗是一个容积单位，符号是daL。公斗本身不是国际单位制(SI)单位，而是接受与SI合并使用的非SI单位。1 公斗等于10 公升。
• DNE – a solution for an expression does not exist, or is . Generally used with and . 不存在，或未定义，通常用于极限和积分。
• dom – of a function. (Or, more generally, a relation.) 函数的定义域
• End – categories of . 自同态范畴
• Ei – function. 指数积分函数
• Eqn – . 方程
• erf – . 误差函数
• erfc – . 余误差函数（互补误差函数）
• etr — exponent of the . 迹指数
• exc — function. (Also written as excsc, excosec.) 外余割函数
• excosec — function. (Also written as excsc, exc.) 外余割函数
• excsc — function. (Also written as excosec, exc.) 外余割函数
• exs — function. (Also written as exsec.) 外正割函数
• exsec — function. (Also written as exs.) 外正割函数
• exp – . (exp x is also written as e^x.) 指数函数
• expm1 – function. (Also written as exp1m.) 指数减1函数
• exp1m – function. (Also written as expm1.) 指数减1函数
• Ext – . Ext 函子
• ext – . 外部（拓扑学）
• FIP – . 有限交集性质
• FOL – . 一阶逻辑
• Frob – . 弗罗贝尼乌斯自同态
• Gal – . (Also written as Γ.) 伽罗瓦群
• gcd – of two numbers. (Also written as hcf.) 两个数的最大公因数
• gd – . 古德曼函数
• GF – . 伽罗瓦，即有限域（Finite field）
• GL – . 一般线性群
• G.M. – . 几何平均数
• glb – . (Also written as inf.) 最大下界
• G.P. – . 等比数列
• grad – of a function. 函数梯度
• hacover – function. (Also written as hacovers, hcv.) 正半余矢函数
• hacovercos – function. (Also written as hcc.) 余半余矢函数
• hacovers – function. (Also written as hacover, hcv.) 正半余矢函数
• hav – function. (Also written as sem.) 正半正矢函数
• havercos – function. (Also written as hvc.) 余半正矢函数
• hcc – function. (Also written as hacovercos.) 余半余矢函数
• hcv – function. (Also written as hacover, hacovers.) 正半余矢函数
• hcf – of two numbers. (Also written as gcd.) 最大公因数
• H.M. – . 调和平均数
• HOL – . 高阶逻辑
• Hom – . Hom 函子
• hom – hom-class  hom类
• hvc – function. (Also written as havercos.) 余半正矢函数
• iff – . 当且仅当
• iid – . 独立同分布随机变量
• Im – of a complex number (Also written as ).复数的虚部
• im – 像（数学）
• inf – of a set. (Also written as glb.) 集合的下确界
• int – . 内部（拓扑学）
• ker – . 核（范畴论 Category theory）
• lb – (log₂). (Also written as ld.) 以2为底的对数
• lcm – or least common multiple of two numbers. 两个数的最小公倍数
• ld – (log₂). (Also written as lb.) 以2为底的对数
• lerp – . 线性插值
• lg – (log₁₀) or (log₂). 常用对数或以2为底的对数
• LHS – of an equation. 方程的左侧
• Li – function. 偏移对数积分函数
• li – function or . 对数积分函数或线性无关
• lim – of , or of . 数列极限或函数极限
• lim inf – . 下极限
• lim sup – . 上极限
• ln – , log_e. 自然对数
• lnp1 – function. 自然对数加1极限
• ln1p – function. 自然对数加1极限
• log – . (If without a subscript, this may mean either or .) 对数
• logh – , log_e. 自然对数
• LST – of . 集合论语言
• lub – . (Also written sup.) 最小上界
• max – of a set. 集合的最大值
• M.I. – . 数学归纳法
• min – of a set. 集合的最小值
• mod – . 模数运算
• mtanh – function. (Also written as mth.) 修改后的双曲正切函数
• mth – function. (Also written as mtanh.) 修改后的双曲正切函数
• mx – . 矩阵
• NAND – in logic. 与非逻辑
• No. – . 数
• NOR – in logic. 或非逻辑
• NTS – need to show. 需要展示，需要展现
• ob – object class. 对象类
• ord – of a well-ordered set. 良序集的序数
• pdf – . 概率密度函数
• pf – proof. 证明
• PGL – . 射影一般线性群
• pmf – . 概率质量函数
• Pr – probability of an event. (See . Also written as P or .) 事件概率
• PSL – . 射影特殊线性群
• QED – , a Latin phrase used at the end of a definitive proof. 证明完毕，拉丁语，用在明确证明的结束处。
• QEF – , a Latin phrase sometimes used at the end of a construction. 拉丁语，meaning "which had to be done"，有时用在一次作图的结尾，意思是这就是要做的。
• ran – of a function. 函数的值域
• rank – . (Also written as rk.) 秩（线性代数）
• Re – of a complex number. (Also written .) 复数的实数部分
• resp – respectively. 分别地，各自地
• RHS – of an equation. 方程的右侧
• rk – . (Also written as rank.) 秩（线性代数）
• RMS, rms – . 均方根
• rng – . 伪环pseudo-ring
• rot – of a vector field. (Also written as curl.) 向量场的旋度
• RTP – required to prove. 需要证明
• RV – . (or as R.V.) 随机变量
• sec – function. 正割函数
• sech – function. 双曲正割函数
• seg – of. 初始线段，起始线段
• sem – function. (Also written as hav.) 正半正矢函数
• SFIP – . 强有限交集性质
• sgn – function. 符号函数
• Shi – function. 双曲正弦积分函数
• Si – function. 正弦积分函数
• sin – function. 正弦函数
• sinc – function. sinc函数
• sinh – function. 双曲正弦函数
• siv – function. (Also written as ver, vers.) 正矢函数
• SL – . 特殊线性组
• Soln – solution. 解答
• sp – of a set of vectors. (Also written with angle brackets.) 一组向量的线性范围
• Spec – . 环的谱
• s.t. – such that or so that. 以便
• st – . 标准局部函数
• STP – [it is] sufficient to prove. 足以证明
• sup – of a set. (Also written lub.) 上确界，最小上界
• supp – of a function. 函数的支撑集
• Sym – (Sym(n) is also written as S_n.) 对称群（n次对称群）
• tan – function. (Also written as tgn, tg.) 正切函数
• tanh – function. 双曲正切函数
• TFAE – the following are equivalent. 以下是等价的
• tg – function. (Also written as tan, tgn.) 正切函数
• tgn – function. (Also written as tan, tg.) 正切函数
• Thm – . 定理
• Tor – . Tor 函子
• Tr – trace, either the , or the . 迹，或场迹，或矩阵或线性变换的迹
• undef – a function or expression is 函数或表达式未定义
• var – of a random variable. 随机变量的方差
• vcs – function. (Also written as vercos.) 余矢函数
• ver – function. (Also written as vers, siv.) 正矢函数
• vercos – function. (Also written as vcs.) 余矢函数
• vers – function. (Also written as ver, siv.) 正矢函数
• W^5 – which was what we wanted. Synonym of 这就是我们想要的，Q.E.D.的同义词
• walog – . 不失一般性
• wff – .  合式公式
• whp – with high probability. 很大概率地
• wlog – . 不失一般性
• WMA – we may assume. 我们可能假设
• WO – set. 良序集
• wp1 - with probability 1. 以概率1
• wrt – or with regard to. 对
• WTP – want to prove. 想要证明
• WTS – want to show. 想要展示，想要展现
• XOR – in logic. 异或逻辑
• ZF – of set theory. 集合论的策梅洛-弗兰克尔公理
• ZFC – (with the ) of set theory. 集合论的（含有选择公理）策梅洛-弗兰克尔公理

References

• Goldrei, Derek (1996). Classic Set Theory. London, UK: . pp. 283–287 (Index).  .
• Priestley, H. A. (2003). Introduction to Complex Analysis (2 ed.). . p. 321 (Notation index)  .
• Hamilton, A. G. (1982). Numbers, sets and axioms. . pp. 249–251 (Index of symbols).  .   (2003), , , 4.4.7
• Jolley, L.B.W. (1961). Summation of Series (2 (revised) ed.). New York, USA:  .

 

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